The Province of Syrdarya is located in the center of Uzbekistan on the left bank of Syrdarya River. The Starving Steppe takes up a significant part of its area. The total area is 5 100 square kilometers and the climate is typically continental and arid.

The population of the Province is 648 100. Syrdarya Province divided into 9 administrative districts with Gulistan as its administrative centre. Gulistan has a population of 54 000. Other important towns are Baht, Syrdarya, Shirin and Yangiyer.